Template:Lex/A


 * https://www.sumerian.org/suma-e.htm

a-a: father (reduplicated 'offspring').

a-ba: who (a, 'to', + bi, 'it', + a, 'the').

a-ba-al: 'dry' asphalt (Akkadian loanword - abaalu, 'to be dry; to mourn', may be Orel & Stolbova #2519).

a-bala: drawing of water (a, 'water', + bala, 'turn, duty').

a-da-ab: a type of song (also written as a-tab, 'burning tears' ?).

a-da-al-ta: from now on ('now' + 'from').

a-da gub-ba: water duty ('water' + 'near' + 'to stand' + nominative).

a-da-lam; i-da-al-àm: now ('now' + 'to be').

a-da-mìn: contest ('when' + 'with' + 'an equal').

a-da-mìn...aka: to compete (with someone: -da-) ('contest' + 'to do, make').

a-da-mìn...dug4/du11/e: to compete ('contest' + 'to speak, do, make').

a-da...tuš: to live near the water ('water' + 'near' + 'to dwell (singular)').

a-dar-túnku6: a fish ('water' + 'to slice' + 'to smash').

a...dé: to pour out water; to irrigate; to flood ('water' + 'to pour').

a-dé: fresh.

a-dé-a: the yearly spring flood ('water' + 'to pour' + nominative).

a-dùg: freshwater ('water' + 'sweet, fresh').

a...dug4/e: to irrigate ('water' + 'to do').

a-dun-a: inshore fisherman (?) ('water' + 'lowly student' + nominative).

a-è-a: overflowing or breaks in levees ('water' + 'to emerge' + nominative).

A.EN-da-urudu: a type of copper.

a-eštubku6: high tide, early flood ('water' + 'river carp').

a-ga: back, backside; after; back room (cf., egtildeir).

a-ga...gur: to turn back ('back' + 'to return').

a-ga-am, a-ga-àm, a-ga-mu-um: artificial pond - a large, marshy, and permanent or semi-permanent lake used as a reservoir to dispose of flood waters (prob. Akk. loanword).

a-ga-aš-gi4: the most awkward one ('in back' + 'the one' + 'to send, reject').

a-ga-bi-šè: afterwards ('after' + adverbial force suffix + 'towards').

a-ga-zu-ta: behind you ('back' + 'your' + 'from').

a-gáb: (cf., ugu4-bi).

a-gal: overflow of flood waters ('waters' + 'big').

a-gàr: irrigated field ('water; seed' + 'cake' ?).

a-gar5: lead, the metal.

a-gig: bitter tears ('water' + 'pain').

-a-gin7: as (= when) ...; in that way; how! ('if, when' + 'like').

a-e...gu7(-a): eroded by the water ('water' + ergative agent marker + 'to consume' ( + nominative)).

a-gúb-ba: holy water ('water' + 'to purify' + nominative).

kuša-gtildeá-lá: leather sack (for flour) ('water' + 'to store' + 'to lift, carry').

a-gtildeá-ri-in: a flat area (measured in sar) (cf., gtildearim).

A-gtildear: (cf., e5-gtildear).

a...gtildear/gtildeá-gtildeá: to irrigate; to be submerged ('water' + 'to store; to deposit, deliver').

a-gtildei6(-a): flood ('water' + 'to be black' + nominative).

a-šè...gtildein/gub: to go to fetch water ('water' + 'to the' + 'to go').

a-hur-rum: (cf., hu-ru(-um)).

a-ia10-lum: stag (Akkadian loanword).

a...íl: to carry water ('water' + 'to lift, carry').

a-ka: (cf., úgu).

a-kúm: hot water ('water' + 'hot').

a-la, a-la-la: exclamation, often of joy; exuberance ('tears' + 'happiness').

a-lu: adjective for small cattle.

a-lum: adjective for sheep.

a-ma-ru: destructive flood ('water' + 'to go' + 'to send'; cf., u18-ru).

a-mah: flood, overflow, bursting of a dam ('water' + 'high, mighty').

a-maš: sheepfold (cf., amaš).

a-MI: (cf., a-gtildei6).

a-na: what (a,'to', + ni,'he, she', + a,'the').

a-na me-a-bi: as many as they are; all of it ('what there is of it').

a-na-àm: thus; why ('what' + enclitic copula).

a-na-àm...aka: what (will/did) X do?.

a-na-aš(-am): why? (why is it that ...?) ('what' + 'one'[ + 'to be']).

a-na-gim, a-na-gin7-nam: how ('what' + 'like'[ + abstract process]).

a-ne: (cf., e-ne).

a-nir: lamentation, dirge ('tears' + 'to raise high').

a-nu-gi4-a: (cf., á-nu-gi4-a).

a numun-sagtilde-gtildeá: water of the first seeds = watering of seeds just planted ('water' + 'seeds' + 'first' + genitive).

úa-númun: reeds, rushes ('water' + 'grass, rushes').

a-pa4: funerary pipe (a clay pipe through which water and beer were poured into the grave) ('water' + 'small canal').

a...ra: to ejaculate ('seminal fluid' + 'to strike, overflow').

a-ra-zu: prayer, rite ('tears' + 'to overflow' + 'to inform').

a-ra-zu...e: to say a prayer [often introduces direct, quoted speech in the texts].

a-rá: way, road; times (multiplication) ('where' + 'to go, carry [plural]'; cf., a-ri-a).

a-rá-bumušen: duck ('water' + 'to go [plural]' + 'to pull, tear out').

a-ri-a, a-ru-a: district; desert, waste land ('where' + remote demonstrative affix + nominative).

a...ri: to engender ('semen' + 'to pour into').

a...ru: to dedicate; to give as a votive gift (with dative) ('water' + 'to send').

a-sa-ga: propitious water ('water' + sa6-ga, 'to win fortune').

a-sal-bar: architrave ('water' + 'to spread' + 'to distribute, remove').

a...si: to be filled with water ('water' + 'to fill up').

a-silim: potion ('water' + 'health').

a-šà-(g): field; area ('seed' + 'womb'; cf., a-gàr; ašag).

a-šà-dib(-dib)-ba: the act of trimming the fields and levees of vegetation in preparation for drainage and irrigation ('fields' + 'to seize, bind, take away' + nominative).

a-ša4: (cf., á-še).

a-še-ra: lamentation.

a-šed12: cool water ('water' + 'cool').

a-(IM)šègtilde-gtildeá: rainwater ('water' + 'rain' + genitive).

a-šeš: bitter, brackish water ('water' + 'bitter, brackish').

-a-ta: after ... ('when' + 'away from').

a...tab: to hold or block water ('water' + 'to hold').

a-tar...aka: to play; to mock ('water' + 'to cut, break' + 'to do, act').

a...tu5: to bathe ('water' + 'to wash').

a-tu5-a: lustration ('water' + 'to wash' + nominative).

a...tùm: to flow with water ('water' + 'to bring, carry').

a-tur-ra, a-tùr, é-tùr: hollow (of the furrow) ? ('water' + 'birth-hut' for a plant seed ?; related to Orel & Stolbova #1323, *hadar- "darkness" ?).

a-ù: high water, spring flood ('water' + 'high').

a-u4-te-na: at the cool of the day ('when' + 'day' + ten,'coolness').

a-u5-ba...gtildeál: to be at its high tide ('when' + 'on top' + bi,'its', + a,nominative, + 'to be').

a-ugu4[KU]: the father who begot one ('semen' + 'to procreate').

a úš-a: to dam up water ('water' + 'piling up an earthen dam').

a-zi-ga: rising waters ('water' + 'to rise up' + nominative).

a-zu; a-zu5; a-su: physician (cf., azu).

á...ágtilde: to command; to instruct (someone: -da-) ('strength' + 'to check').

á-ágtilde-gtildeá: instructions, orders ('strength' + 'to check', + a, nominalizer).

á-an-zú-lum-ma: date clusters; raceme ('arm, wing' + 'sky, high' + 'date fruit').

(gtildeiš)á-apin: part of a seeder plow ('arm' + 'plow').

á-áš: what one needs ('strength' + 'to wish, desire').

á-bi ba-ma-ta: at one-half its hire price ('wages' + 'its' + 'to divide' + 'to go' + 'from').

á...búru: to open the wings ('wings' + 'to spread out').

á-dab5: hirelings ('wages' + 'to hire').

á-dah: help; ally ('strength' + 'to add').

á-dam: settlement; levy ('wages' + 'spouse').

á...dar: to confiscate ('wages' + 'to split').

á...dúb; á-dúb...aka: to flap one's wings (with -šè and -ši-, to fly towards) ('wings' + 'to flap' + 'to do').

á-ní-za...dúb: to be (supported) on your own ('wings' + 'self' + 'your' + 'to flap').

á...è: to bring up, rear; to take care ('strength' + 'to emerge').

á-gàr: embrace (?) ('arms' + 'something round and upraised').

á-gi4-a: reimbursed wages ('wages' + 'to return, restore' + nominative).

á-gú-zi-ga: early morning ('arms' + 'necks' + 'rising', + a, nominalizer).

á...gur: to bend the arm ('arm' + 'circular motion').

á guruš-bi: workmen's wages ('wages' + 'workers' + 'its').

á...gtildear: to act strongly; to oppress; to resist; to reinforce ('strength' + 'to establish').

á-gtildee6-ba-a: at night ('side' + 'dark' + 'to divide' + locative).

Á-KAL: strength; plow extension ('arm' + 'strong').

á kaskal-la: migrant harvest workers ('arms, work performance' + 'road, caravan, journey' + genitive).

itiá-ki-ti: calendar month 7 at Ur during Ur III; month 6 at Drehem through year 3 of Šu-Sin; calendar month 7 at Drehem after Šu-Sin 3.

á-kúš-ù: to prevail ('strength' + 'to be tired').

á-lá: fettered legs; paralyzed arms ('arms' + 'to bind').

(gtildeiš)á-lá: a device for moving irrigation water, involving a water bucket hanging from a swinging beam ('arm' + 'to hang').

kušá-lá: drum ('side' + 'to bind').

á-mi: (cf., ama(4,5), áme).

á-ná-da: bed chamber ('side, wing' + 'bed').

á-nu-gi4-a: irresistable ('strength' + 'not' + 'to answer, return' + nominative).

á-sàgtilde[PA]: disease; sickness demon ('strength' + 'to scatter').

kušá-si: whip ('arm' + 'antenna-like').

á-sikil(-la): pure, undiluted strength ('strength' + 'pure' + nominative).

á...sud/sù: to move [intransitive] (reduplication class) ('arm' + 'to stretch').

á-suh: elbow; bolt, bar ('arm' + 'to relocate').

(urudu/zabar)á-sur: a type of ax ('arm' + 'to divide').

á-še: attention-getting exclamation: 'hey now!'.

á-šita4, á-šu-du7: parts, components (of the plow); equipment ('arm' + 'to join'/'to complete').

á...-ta: at the prompting of; by means of the strength of ('strength' + instrumental suffix).

á...tál: to have broad arms; to spread wings or arms ('arms; wings' + 'to be broad; to spread').

á-tuku: strength; able-bodied; mighty man ('arms; strength' + 'to have').

á-u4-te-en: in the evening ('side' + 'daylight' + 'to extinguish, cool down').

á-úr: limb, limbs, extremities ('arms' + 'legs': Sumerian example of asyndetic hendiadys).

á-zi(-da): right arm; with hitting, violence ('arm' + 'good, firm, right' + 'with').

ab-(ba): (cf., aba).

ab-ba: father; elder; ancestor (Akk. loanword).

(gtildeiš)ab-ba: (cf., gtildeiš-ab-ba(-k)).

ab-ba-uru: city elder ('elder' + 'city').

itiab(-ba)-è: calendar month 10 at Nippur during Ur III.

ab-ki-iz: clean furrow, unobstructed by weeds ('niche' + 'trimmed').

ab-làl: phonetic writing of ablal(3).

ab-sín; ab-si-im-ma; ab-sù-na: furrow ('niche' + 'to sift').

ab-sín-gilim-ba/ma: crossing, transversal furrow, possibly for drainage ('furrow' + 'to cross plow' ( + 'its') + nominative).

áb-ama: mother cow ('cow' + 'mother').

áb-amar: mother cow ('cow' + 'calf').

áb-gir15/gi7[KU]: domestic cow ('cow' + 'domestic').

áb-gud-há: herd ('cow' + 'bull' + 'assorted, mixed').

áb-máh[AL]: cow in 3rd year of life that has calved ('cow' + 'calf').

áb-sagtilde: a piece of tableware (?).

áb-úr: a piece of tableware (?).

ad-da: (cf., ada).

ad...gi4: to echo; to ponder; to take counsel (with someone: -da-) ('shout' + 'to answer').

ad...gi4-gi4: to give counsel; to converse (confidentially) (cf., ad...gi4).

ad-kub4[KID]: reed weaver; wicker-worker; maker of reed mats, boats, and containers.

ad-kíd: reed mat plaiter ('father' + kid, 'reed mat').

ad...ša4: to wail; to resound; to sing ('song' + 'to mourn').

ad-tab: rein(s) ('shout' + 'to hold; to be double').

aga(3)-ús: policeman; companion, attendant; soldier ('crown' + 'to follow').

àga-rí(-na): (cf., agarin(2,3) or agarin4,5).

ah-du11-ga: spittle (of sorcery) ('spittle' + 'utterance').

ah...uš7[KA×LI]: to spit ('saliva' + 'spittle').

-/ak-eš/: because (genitival suffix + adverbial suffix).

al...aka: to work at hoeing ('hoe' + 'to do').

al...di/dug4/e: to desire, pray, demand, insist (often with -ni-) ('hoe' + 'to make the motion of').

al...dù: to hoe ground that is already broken ('hoe' + 'to mould, shape').

al-gazumx [ZUM+LAGAB]: an exotic spice.

(gtildeiš)al-gtildear: musical instrument ('hoe' + 'form, appearance').

(gtildeiš)al-gtildear-sur9: musical instrument ((gtildeiš)al-gtildear, + 'to hang, suspend' [suru5 ?]).

(gtildeiš)al-la-an: oak tree (Akk. loanword from allaanum, 'oak', cf., Orel & Stolbova #31 *'alan-/*'alun- 'tree').

al-la-ha-ru: a tanning agent used to produce a white color.

al-lu5: crab ('digger' + 'to deceive').

al-lub/lu5: a type of ax (phonetic harmony variant of al-šub ?).

al-lu5-háb: a type of net (for crabs ?) ('crab' + 'to stink').

(gtildeiš)al...ri/ra: to demolish with the hoe; to punish ('hoe' + 'to break open; to strike').

(gtildeiš)al-šub: ax-like hoe ('hoe' + 'to throw; to fell').

al...tag: to hoe ('hoe' + 'to handle').

(gtildeiš)al-tar: demolishing tool (?) ('hoe' + 'to cut, break').

am-si: elephant ('wild ox' + 'horn, ray, antenna'; cf., šu-si, 'finger').

ama-a-tu/tud: (cf., emedu).

ama-ar-gi4: freedom ('mother' + 'to shine' + 'to restore').

ama-gan; ama-ugu: natural or birth mother ('mother' + ùgun, ugu(4), 'to beget').

itiamar-a-a-si: calendar month 10 at Lagaš during Ur III.

amar-kud: separated, weaned young animal ('calf' + 'to cut away from').

an-ba: refuse; litter; dirt ('open air' + 'to give up').

AN.BAR: (cf., barzil).

an-bar7[NE]; an-bar: noon; midday ('sky' + 'to be bright').

an-bir8[A-SUD]: noon; midday rest ('sky' + 'to be hot' ['WATER' + 'TO SIP']).

an-dùl: shade; protection ('sky' + 'to cover, protect').

an-edin: high plain ('high' + 'steppe').

an-ga-àm: likewise (cf., in-ga-na-nam).

an-gur4: (cf., engur).

an-gtildeá: and yet (affirmative prefix ? + 'exists').

an-kára: (cf., enkara).

an-ki: universe ('sky' + 'earth').

AN.MUL: starry sky (verify than AN is not the rare sign ŠÚ; cf., kunga[ŠÚ.MUL]).

an-na: tin; yes ('sky' + 'stone'; Civil thinks an-na, 'yes', is probably an Akkadianism, but cf., affirmative na-nam, 'indeed' and in-nu, 'negation').

an-na...dug4/e: to say yes ('yes' + 'to say').

an-nisig(-ga): beautiful sky, blue sky ('sky' + 'beautiful, blue').

an-pa: zenith ('sky' + 'branch' of sun dial ?).

an-SAR: (cf., an-nisig).

an-sig7-ga: the beautiful sky ('sky' + 'to be beautiful' + nominative).

an-ša4-anki: Anshan - place name for powerful city in Elam - Tall-i Malyan near Persepolis in the Fars province of Iran.

an-šár(-ra): all of heaven, the whole sky ('heaven' + 'totality, horizon').

an-še: ear of grain ('grain ear' + 'grain, barley').

an-ta: above ('heaven' + locative with remote deixis).

an-ta-gtildeál: high, superior ('sky; high' + 'from' + 'to be').

an-ta...gi4: to meet ('heaven' + 'from' + 'to return').

an-ta-sur-ra: a stone ('heaven' + 'from' + 'boundary marker' + nominative).

an-ub-da: regions; "quarter" ('sky' + 'corners' + 'with').

an-úr: horizon ('sky' + 'base, floor').

an-uraš: heaven and earth; universe ('heaven' + 'earth').

an-usan: evening ('sky' + 'evening').

an-za-kàr: tower, fort ('heaven' + 'stone' + 'round, high thing').

an-zag, an-zà: where heaven ends ('heaven' + 'side, boundary').

an-zah: heated or fused lead (an, 'tin' + 'to be calm').

anše-bala: pack-ass ('equid' + 'to cross over, deliver').

anše-bar-an-mi2: female donkey ('equid' + 'foreign' + 'high' + 'female').

anše-bar-an-nita2: male donkey ('equid' + 'foreign' + 'high' + 'male').

anše-bìr: ass yoked in a team ('equid' + 'team').

anše-dub: ass registered on a tablet ('equid' + 'tablet').

anše-du24-ùr: (cf., dur9[ŠUL]).

anše-edin-na: wild ass ('equid' + 'steppe' + a(k), genitival postposition).

anše-gtildeiš: workass ('equid' + 'tool').

ANŠE-ka: one of the best groups of people.

anše-kunga(2): mule ('horse' + 'donkey').

anše-mar: chariot or wagon ass ('equid' + 'wagon').

itiapin-dug-a: calendar month 8 at Nippur during Ur III.

APIN-lal: cultivating leasehold land ('plow' + 'to pay').

(gtildeiš)apin-numun: plow fitted with seeder attachment ('plow' + 'seed').

apin-ús: plowman's helper ('plow' + 'to follow; to be next to').

ar(2)...de6/túmu: to praise ('praise' + 'to bring').

(gtildeiš)ar-ga-nu-um: a coniferous tree (Akkadian loanword ?).

ár...e/i: to praise ('praise' + 'to speak; to send forth').

aš-me: sparkle, glimmer; sundisk; star symbol; rosette ('unique' + 'function, power').

áš á-zi-ga...bal: to curse with violence ('curse' + 'raised arms' + 'to deliver').

áš...bal: to curse ('curse' + 'to deliver').

áš...dug4/e: to curse ('curse' + 'to speak/effect').

SALÁŠ.GÀR: (cf., zeh).

áš...gi4: to answer with a curse ('curse' + 'to answer').

áš...mú: to curse ('curse' + 'to blow, speak').

áš...sar: to curse ('curse' + 'to write').

(gtildeiš)az-gú: neck-stock ('fetter' + 'neck').